sh-Polypeptide-64 is a synthetic recombinant peptide derived from the human Aquaporin-1 (AQP-1) protein that promotes the transport of water across biological membranes. AQP-1 is typically expressed in dermal cells, including keratinocytes, melanocytes, fibroblasts, and vascular endothelial cells.
Aquaporins are a family of proteins embedded in the cell membrane. They form permeable pores that allow water molecules to pass between the cells. Thus, they are fundamental to the water homeostasis of the epidermis. Skin hydration decreases with advancing age, followed by a reduction of aquaporins.
Filaggrins are a class of proteins that develop inside keratinocytes during the skin cornification process. They help to network keratin filaments and thus have a structuring function in the epidermis. Moreover, Filaggrin is essential to the skin's internal moisture-restoring system.
sh-Polypeptide-64 activates Filaggrin production and later breaks down into free amino acids, the natural moisturizer factor (NMF) components. NMFs are crucial for the skin's adequate hydration; they capture water molecules and lessen transdermal moisture loss.In addition, AQP-1 plays an essential role in the water exchange between blood and dermis and cellular response to hypertonic stress, another mechanism of skin hydration. sh-Polypeptide-64 also increases hydraulic pressure, which improves cell migration and skin renewal.
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Simplified explanation
sh-Polypeptide-64 is an ingredient that helps skin stay hydrated. It's an artificial version of a human protein that moves water through skin cells. It also boosts another protein (Filaggrin) that keeps skin moist and smooth. Over time, it turns into natural moisturizing molecules that hold water and protect against dryness. It also enhances skin renewal.
