Palmitoyl Tripeptide-36 (Palmitoyl Trilysine) is a synthetic amphiphilic lipo-peptide that exhibits antimicrobial activity. It inhibits the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and other bacteria and fungi. The peptide sequence is Palmitoyl-Lys-Lys-Lys-OH and is known under the trade name DermaPep™ M330.
Scientific studies showed that amphiphilic lipopeltides containing positively charged Lysine chains with 2-5 residues form micelle-like structures with antibacterial properties. Those cationic peptide amphiphiles damage negatively charged bacterial membranes, leading to cell death. They have been shown to be effective against methicillin-resistant Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria at very low minimum inhibitory concentrations.
Palmitoyl Trilysine is a classic antibacterial peptide amphiphile with proven antimicrobial and anti-biofilm formation properties. Palmitoyl Tripeptide-36 is a suitable antimicrobial agent for skin care in patients with Atopic Dermatitis (AD). When combined with Azelaic acid, it is used in specialized complexes for acne treatment products.
Cationic amphiphiles, a new generation of antimicrobials inspired by the natural antimicrobial peptide scaffold
Author(s):
Findlay B, Zhanel GG, Schweizer F
PMID:
20696877
DOI:
10.1128/AAC.00530-10
Design, Synthesis, and Nanostructure-Dependent Antibacterial Activity of Cationic Peptide Amphiphiles
Author(s):
Rodrigues de Almeida Nathalia, Han Yuchun, Perez Jesus, Kirkpatrick Sydney, Wang Yilin, Sheridan Martin Conda
DOI:
10.1021/acsami.8b17808
Conformal Electrodeposition of Antimicrobial Hydrogels Formed by Self‐Assembled Peptide Amphiphiles
Author(s):
Zaldivar Gervasio, Feng Jiachen, Lizarraga Leonardo, Yu Yafan, de Campos Luana, de Oliveira Kelly Mari Pires, Piepenbrink Kurt H., Conda‐Sheridan Martin, Tagliazucchi Mario
DOI:
10.1002/admi.202300046
Self-Assembled Nanostructures of Peptide Amphiphiles: Charge Regulation by Size Regulation
Author(s):
Zaldivar Gervasio, Vemulapalli Sridhar, Udumula Venkatareddy, Conda-Sheridan Martin, Tagliazucchi Mario
Oligopeptide-10 is a 15-amino-acid-long peptide with the sequence Phe-Ala-Lys-Ala-Leu-Lys-Ala-Leu-Leu-Lys-Ala-Leu-Lys-Ala-Leu. It is a water-soluble white powder, compatible with all emulsion types in the 5-7 pH range.
Acetyl Dipeptide-3 Aminohexanoate (sequence Ac-Arg-Ala-Ahx-OH), also known under the trade name Bodyfensine®, is a tripeptide that boosts the skin's natural peptidic protection against harmful microbes.
InvisaSkin®-64 Anti-Acne Treatment is a peptide-based complex a unique combination of hydrating delivery vehicle, anti-microbial peptide, and salicylic acid offers a gentle approach to treating the symptoms of acne.
Oligopeptide-76 is a synthetic biomimetic 13 amino acid long peptide, an analog of natural Aurein 1.2 peptide produced in the skin of the Litoria Aurea frog.
Shield Bact is a Cationic Host Defense Peptide (CHDP), a hexapeptide with antimicrobial action. It exhibits a broad spectrum of rapid bactericidal activity with a low propensity for resistance development.
Myristoyl Tetrapeptide-13 is a synthetic amphiphilic cationic lipopeptide with potent antimicrobial activity. It has the sequence Myr-Lys-Lys-Ala-Leu-NH2 and is known under the trade name Dermalysins® P291.
Palmitoyl Hexapeptide-26 is a synthetic lipopeptide with antimicrobial, skin-calming, and redness-reducing properties. It is also known under the trade name Shield Bact Peptide.
Myristoyl Hexapeptide-16 is an eyelash booster lipo-peptide with sequence Myr-Leu-Lys-Lys-Ala-Leu-Lys that stimulates multiple genes responsible for keratin (hair protein) production. Keratin is the primary protein in hair, nails, and the outermost layer of the skin.
Myristoyl Octapeptide-1 is a synthetic lipo-peptide that mimics growth factors, promoting dermal tissue repair processes and accelerating wound healing. It binds to the specific receptors on fibroblasts, boosting skin cell proliferation and activity.
Hexacarboxymethyl Dipeptide-12 is a peptide derivative that acts as a direct activator of Sirtuin1 (SIRT1). SIRT1 is an NAD+-dependent deacetylase enzyme that regulates cellular metabolism, survival, and lifespan. It deacetylates the target protein FoxO1, initiating cell autophagy.
Many eukaryotic microorganisms, like Saccharomyces cerevisiae, developed protective mechanisms in response to environmental damaging factors like UV exposure, temperature changes (excess heat or freezing), or oxidative agents like ozone.
